Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
In emergency situations like heart stroke, drowning or loss of conscious Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is a life saving method.
CPR consists of two steps:
1. Chest compression
2. Mouth to mouth breathing
Combination of these two steps is called cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Try help patient on immediate basis, if you are not properly train in CPR technique still try to do some thing. Usually in heart attacks or loss of conscious can be fatal.
Tips from American Heart Association:
1. If you are not coached in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, then apply only chest compression technique. Do not try mouth to mouth breathing. Properly coached persons in CPR can follow any one of the given options.
2. Give two rescue breaths after every thirty heart compressions.
3. Attempt heart compressions only.
4. It is advised to those persons who have taken CPR coaching long ago and is not sure about it, give patient only chest compressions.
5. The preceding first aid CPR technique is advised only for grown ups, not for kids.
6. Main objective of CPR is not to make heat beat again in cardiac arrest, but to keep the supply of oxygenated blood to brain and heart. It will help to delay the tissue decay in vital organs of body till the arrival of any medical aid.
7. Heart makes sure regular supply of oxygen via blood to brain, due lack of oxygen brain cells can be damaged within few minutes. In less than ten minutes a person can expire if proper first aid is not given.
First Step:
First of all judge the person’s condition. Secondly call 911 or local emergency medical center. In the mean time one should start CPR. In case if you do have an AED immediately give one shock as instructed on device before starting CPR.
Second step:
Focus on ABC, reminding Airway, Breathing and Circulation. Try to give air by mouth for breathing and then do chest compression to support circulation.
How to remove obstruction in the airway?
Answer is given in following instructions.
Step 1: pose the individual on a hard surface on back.
Step 2: Kneel adjacent to patient’s throat and pectoral region.
Step 3: clear the patients wind pipe applying the head-tilt, chin-lift tactic. Place your hand on the patient's frontal bone and softly angle the head backward. Then softly elevate the chin frontward to clear the air duct.
Step 4: assure pattern respiration within ten seconds. If person is not respiring start CPR and mouth to mouth breathing. In case you are not properly coach for such situations does only chest compression.
Rescue Breathing Technique:
Rescue breathing can be of two types
1. Mouth to mouth breathing
2. Mouth to nose breathing
Mouth to nose breathing is generally done in case mouth is badly wounded and can not be opened. Method of mouth to mouth breathing is, position the patient in head tilt and chin lift posture and close the nasal air passage. Then put your mouth on patient’s mouth and create a seal. Take a deep breath and cave in first rescue breath for one second. Than carefully observe for any sign of breathing as rising of chest. If person does not breathe again do head tilt, chin lift maneuver and give second rescue breath. In the same way rescue breath can be given through nostrils.
Restore Blood Circulation:
- Chest compression is an effective technique to restore circulation. Aim the palm heel in the middle of person's thorax in-between teats. Now cover your first hand with second hand. Keep your shoulders above your hands and do not bend your elbow. Focus your upper body weight on your hands as you compress chest.
- Push chest about two inch inward, do approximately 120 chest compression in a minute. Angle the head backwards and elevate the chin to clear air duct after 30 chest compressions. Then give two mouth to mouth breaths as described above. Combination of it is one cycle.
- If somebody else is there, involve that individual to feed two breaths subsequently you execute thirty compressions.
- In case the individual hasn't started moving within two minutes and you have Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) us it according to instructions given on it. The American cardiac Association suggests managing one shock, then restarting cardiopulmonary resuscitation - beginning with thorax compressing - for two additional mins prior to second shock. If you are not coached to exercise an AED, an emergency medical manipulator possibly capable to use it.
- Coached faculties at several public points are as well competent to cater and apply an AED. Apply pediatric pads, if accessible, for kids of one to eight years old. Never apply an AED on babies little than one year old.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a Child:
Basic procedure of CPR on a child is more or less same as for adults. Children from one to eight years old fall under same category. While doing CPR on a child applies same cycle of thirty compressions followed by two rescue breaths. Repeat it for five cycles, do compressions with one hand and breathe soft into mouth as child may not bear your full strength. Call immediately 911 or local medical aid unit, in the mean time keep doing CPR. If after five cycles child does not response and you have AED with pediatric pads. Give one shock as instructed on devise and repeat CPR.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a baby:
Most cardiopulmonary arrest in babies happens by deficiency of oxygen. Its reason is mostly drowning or choking. If you recognize the baby has an air duct blockage, execute first aid to clear it. If you do not recognize how come the infant is not respiring, execute cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Stroke the infant and check for a reaction or slight movement. Never shake baby.
If on that point no reaction, adopt the ABC operations. Immediately call 911 for help.
If you are the only savior and cardiopulmonary resuscitation is necessitated, exercise cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 5 cycles - prior to calling 911. If some other individual is on hand, let that person dial the number, and you should take care of baby.
How to clear babies air way?
Follow the procedure given below.
- Put the child on his or her dorsal side on a hard and flat surface, kitchen counter, floor or any table.
- Softly angle the head backward by elevating the mentum with one hand and move forehead down with other hand.
- In ten seconds, place your ear close to infant's face and find out is child respiring or not, search thorax movement, hear for breath voices, and try to feel exhaled air on your face and in ear.
- If the baby is not respiring, start mouth-to-mouth respiration instantly.
- Breathe for the infant:
- Mouth to mouth resuscitation for child is same as for adults. Cover the baby's mouth with your lips and shut the nostrils. Now try to blow air in to the child's mouth as small puffs with your cheeks, do not try to deliver powerful blows deep from your lungs. Give one rescue breath for one second and check for chest rise. If baby is still not evidencing any sign practice head tilt, chin lift maneuver and give second breath.
- Another important measure is to check any obstruction in child's air duct. Try to clear air duct with your fingers and then execute mouth to mouth resuscitation.
- If the child still shows no movement repeat CPR.
- Restore circulation in the infants:
- Think of an imaginary line between baby's teats; put your two digits in the middle of this line. Now mildly force chest inward and keep your arms straight. Perform chest compression at rate of hundred to one hundred and twenty compressions in a min. After every thirty compression give mouth to mouth breath.
- Execute it till the baby retrieves or medical aid is reached.